The U.S. pharmaceutical supply chain faces significant vulnerabilities, primarily due to its reliance on geographically concentrated offshore production. This reliance has contributed to ongoing drug shortages, with critical medications often in limited supply. While the average duration of a drug shortage varies, some critical drugs have experienced persistent shortages for extended periods, potentially lasting years. These shortages can lead to medication errors, delays in treatment, and the use of less effective alternatives, posing serious risks to patient care.